UFO Coffee Dripper Review: The 80° Cone Design That Boosts Sweetness & Clarity

 This UFO-shaped dripper might look like a gimmick at first glance, but its design is anything but superficial. It actually rethinks the fundamental logic of the classic conical dripper—and that genuinely caught my attention. I’m planning to dive deeper into its design principles and extraction benefits before deciding whether to pick one up and share my hands-on experience with you all.

At its core, the UFO dripper still follows a conical structure. However, both its opening angle and overall form differ significantly from most standard cone drippers. The most notable shift? It moves from what we typically think of as a V60 to something closer to a “V80.” Yes—an 80° cone angle. This steeper angle accelerates water flow. On top of that, instead of the usual raised internal ribs, it features recessed ribs. The combination of an 80° cone and concave ribbing works like a double boost: it concentrates water flow, reduces channeling, and ultimately leads to a more even extraction—bringing out brighter acidity and more expressive aromatics in the coffee.

Let’s break it down further.

At first glance, the dripper appears short and wide. If you look closely at the walls, you’ll notice it’s made of thick ceramic—but not with uniform thickness. The upper wall is actually about 23.7% thinner than the lower section. The rim flares outward like a flying saucer, creating a wide lip. This isn’t just aesthetic—it serves a functional purpose. During brewing, heat naturally rises. The space formed between the wide rim and the top of the filter paper allows steam to escape more efficiently, preventing it from accumulating and condensing back into the brew. This helps maintain airflow above the dripper, stabilizing extraction temperature and avoiding overheating in the upper coffee bed—which can otherwise lead to a “steamed” or overcooked taste.

Now, consider this: when the base diameter and dose remain constant, increasing the cone angle spreads the coffee bed wider and reduces its vertical height. This shortens the distance water travels through the grounds, increases the surface area for flow, and lowers resistance per unit area—resulting in a faster overall flow rate. The outcome? A cup that leans toward higher sweetness, lower bitterness, and a cleaner, more refreshing profile.

But there’s a trade-off. A shallower bed combined with faster flow can lead to under-extraction if left unchecked. That’s where the recessed ribs come into play. They prevent water from taking shortcuts along the edges and ensure it passes through the coffee bed. In other words, they act as a forced flow-guidance system, compensating for the reduced contact time caused by the shallower bed.

This type of concave rib design isn’t entirely new—it has appeared in several classic drippers—but compared to the raised spiral ribs of a traditional V60, it offers some distinct advantages. The recessed vertical grooves create a physical buffer zone between the filter paper and the dripper wall. In conventional designs, water can easily slip along the wet filter paper and bypass the coffee bed (a phenomenon known as bypass flow). Here, those grooves “catch” the water and redirect it downward. By blocking edge channels, the design forces water to pass more evenly through the center of the coffee bed, significantly reducing channeling and improving extraction consistency.

This also means the dripper is more forgiving. Even if your pouring technique isn’t perfect—or if your stream hits the edges—the flow system helps guide the water back on track.

As a result, this dripper shows clear advantages when brewing light roasts or coffees with pronounced floral and fruity notes. Think Geisha or Yirgacheffe: you can expect lifted aromatics, lively acidity, and a clean finish with minimal bitterness or woody astringency—even toward the end of the brew.

That said, there’s one important caveat: this dripper is not compatible with standard filter papers. It requires specially designed UFO filters. Interestingly, these filters aren’t made from traditional paper pulp—they’re composed of a food-safe blend of lyocell and PLA. This means you can skip pre-rinsing without worrying about papery off-flavors.

There are two types of filters: Type A and Type F. “F” stands for fast, while “A” stands for average. Compared to A, the F filter is larger. Type A is designed to produce a brighter, more balanced cup, and is generally sufficient for standard use. Type F, on the other hand, enhances body and works well for hybrid immersion-drip brewing methods.

The manufacturer also provides recommended brewing parameters:

For Type F filters (baseline):

• Grind size: 800–1100 μm (Comandante C40: 22–27 clicks)
• Ratio: 15g coffee to 250g water (1:16.67)
  • For more body, increase dose to 16.6g (1:15)
• Water temperature: 92°C ±4°C
  • Dark roast: ~88°C
  • Very light roast: up to 96°C

Pouring structure:

• 00:00–01:00: 50g (circular pour)
• 01:00–01:30: 50g (circular)
• 01:30–02:00: 50g (circular)
• 02:00–02:30: 100g (center pour)

For Type A filters (baseline):

• Grind size: 1000–1300 μm
• Ratio:
  • 13.5g : 225g (lighter, tea-like body)
  • 15g : 225g (juicier mouthfeel)
• Water temperature: 92°C

Pouring structure:

• 00:00–00:30: 45g (circular)
• 00:30–01:00: 45g (circular)
• 01:00–01:30: 45g (circular)
• 01:30–02:00: 45g (center)
• 02:00–03:30: 45g (center)
• Total brew time: under 3.5 minutes

For iced pour-over (Type A):

• Grind size: 1100–1400 μm
• Ratio: 20g coffee : 200g water
• Water temperature: 92°C

Pouring structure:

• 00:00–00:30: 50g (circular)
• 00:30–01:00: 50g (circular)
• 01:00–01:30: 50g (circular)
• 01:30–03:00: 50g (center)

Brew hot, then pour directly over a glass filled with ice and enjoy.

They’ve also released a UFO Dripper V2 made from durable, heat-resistant Tritan, which is better suited for immersion-drip hybrid brewing with Type F filters. I won’t go too deep into that here.

The brand has also collaborated on various limited-edition releases, including filter papers with Spain-based SIBARIST and handmade ceramic drippers with multiple studios. One standout collaboration, in my opinion, is with MK Studio—a Copenhagen-based ceramics studio founded by Magdalena and Michal, a husband-and-wife team. Combining Michal’s background as a chef with Magdalena’s expertise in ceramics, they blend culinary sensibility with artistic craftsmanship. Their take on the UFO dripper is more expressive and artistic, with each color limited to just 60 pieces worldwide—though they’re likely sold out by now.

To wrap it up: from concept to execution, this dripper feels thoughtfully designed and logically consistent. It’s best suited for intermediate to advanced brewers who have some control over their technique. If you’re looking to highlight delicate notes like fruit acidity and florals—and push your pour-over experience to the next level—this might just become your new favorite brewing “toy.”

Panama Finca Lérida Catuai Review: A Non-Geisha Coffee That Delivers Exceptional Flavor

 This is the third time that Finca Lérida in Panama has appeared in my sharing. Aside from once writing a dedicated piece inspired by its history and story, my previous encounter was with their Black Honey Green Tip Geisha. It seems that whenever people mention renowned coffee estates in Panama, Geisha is the first thing that comes to mind.

But in reality, these estates cultivate a much wider range of varietals. The coffee I’m sharing today delivers a flavor profile that closely matches the official description—you can truly experience it in every cup.

I feel like this opens up a different perspective for coffee tasting: “non-Geisha coffees from top estates.” These coffees are quietly becoming a smart choice—the “best value kings,” so to speak. It also reflects an important idea: what truly sets these famous estates apart isn’t just the varietal, but their expertise in cultivation and processing.

These strengths can largely bridge the natural flavor differences between bean genetics. Even without being Geisha, the cup can still offer remarkable clarity and expression. Among non-premium Geishas, this feels like a kind of “optimal solution.”

Catuai is one of the most common varietals we encounter. It may not deliver the explosive florals and acidity of top-tier Geisha, but with its consistent quality, bright acidity, and pleasant sweetness, it has become a widely loved choice in everyday specialty coffee.

Think of Catuai as a “well-balanced citrus juice”—refreshing, slightly sweet, and incredibly versatile. It’s the all-rounder of the coffee world.

This particular coffee uses a washed process, enhanced with low-temperature, controlled-environment drying—a more refined and technical approach. In simple terms, it’s still a washed coffee, but after washing, the beans are dried in a cold room rather than under the sun or with high-temperature mechanical drying.

By carefully controlling temperature and humidity, the drying process becomes slower and more even, preserving the delicate nuances of the coffee to the greatest extent possible.

In recent years, I’ve noticed more and more estates adopting the concept of “low-temperature drying.” It represents a refined evolution of traditional processing methods and a pursuit of ultimate flavor clarity.

This approach maintains the clean profile typical of washed coffees while adding greater complexity through slow, controlled drying, resulting in a cup that is both layered and exceptionally clean.

After grinding the beans, my first impression was: there’s barely any chaff! The beans are processed incredibly cleanly. Typically, washed coffees actually retain more chaff than natural-processed ones, but this particular lot had almost none, which was a pleasant surprise. It really highlights the benefits of meticulous processing.

The dry aroma reveals white florals and citrus notes—overall sweet and inviting. Washed coffees tend to express a cleaner, more refined sweetness compared to naturals, and this one instantly elevates the sense of elegance.

The beans come in single-dose packaging, with each pack containing around 16 grams. I usually brew it using a three-pour method. Recently, I’ve been pairing a flat-bottom dripper with fast-flow Lyocell filter papers.

My brew ratio is about 1:15.4 (coffee to water), with a final yield ratio of around 1:13.2—this has always been a ratio range I personally enjoy.

In the cup, the overall profile is light, fresh, and elegant. The body is soft and easy to drink. Although a 1:13 yield ratio would typically suggest a heavier, more full-bodied cup, the actual mouthfeel doesn’t come across as heavy at all.

The flavor is driven by floral and fruity notes—white florals paired with a pronounced citrus character. Toward the finish, a gentle brown sugar sweetness emerges, reminiscent of sugarcane.

The Crazy Evolution of Coffee Filter Paper: How Filter Choice Changes Pour Over Coffee Flavor

 When it comes to coffee extraction—whether it's espresso or pour-over—there’s one thing you simply can’t avoid: the filter paper.

This small sheet of paper has quietly evolved over the past few years alongside the technological development of specialty coffee. In fact, its evolution has been so dramatic that the word “crazy” might not be an exaggeration. This “craziness” includes innovations in materials, upgrades in functionality, and of course, some pretty crazy price tags as well—haha.

Today, I’d like to talk about why filter papers in coffee extraction keep evolving. What exactly are people pursuing when they aim for the ultimate cup of coffee? And what role can filter paper play in shaping the final result? Let’s dive into the “crazy evolution” of coffee filter papers.

Different filter papers vary in density, thickness, structure, and permeability, and these factors directly determine the flow rate. Flow rate, in turn, affects coffee extraction, flavor, and mouthfeel.

Filter paper is no longer just a simple barrier separating coffee grounds from water, nor is it merely about achieving a cleaner cup. Today, it has moved far beyond its basic function and plays a significant role in shaping the extraction process.

Under the philosophy of precise and controllable brewing, filter papers can now be chosen specifically for different roast profiles or processing methods, allowing more targeted brewing experiments. By selecting different types of filter paper, brewers can effectively improve clarity, sweetness, and roundness in the cup.

Filter papers have evolved from simple pulp-based materials into products with carefully engineered density, fiber structure, permeability, and even hydrophobic properties. Their impact is quite noticeable because they introduce a meaningful variable into the brewing process.

During this evolution, several brands have become particularly representative—especially those that focus on producing functional filter papers. One of the most iconic examples is Sibarist. I’ve previously written about many of their products, from their early fast-flow filter paper designed for the Hario V60 to their later DUAL CHAMBER layered filters.

Another example is CAFEC, which produces filter papers designed for different roast levels. Then there’s KINTO with its well-known silky slow-flow filter papers.

All of these filter papers share one key characteristic: they help baristas control the flow rate through the material’s texture and structural properties.

And yes—flow rate control is a crucial factor in coffee extraction. Filter paper may seem like a minor variable, but its impact is clearly visible and perceptible in the final cup.

It influences how water flows through the coffee bed and controls how compounds such as oils, sugars, and acids enter the final brew. This directly affects the mouthfeel and flavor balance.

Let’s take CAFEC filter papers as an example.

For light roasts, the recommended filter has a thickness of 0.15 mm, making it the thinnest of the three. The inner surface has no crepe texture, which results in a smaller internal surface area. Coffee fines attach to this small area, leaving fewer channels for water flow, causing water to accumulate inside the filter.

During brewing, this slows down the flow rate and allows more aromatic compounds to develop. Meanwhile, the crepe texture on the outer side allows the brewed coffee to flow out smoothly. The higher density of the paper also helps prevent fine particles from passing through, ideally producing a cup that is aromatic and clean.

Next is the T-90 filter, designed for medium to dark roasts, with a thickness of 0.28 mm, making it the thickest of the three.

Both the inner and outer surfaces feature crepe textures, creating double-sided creping that allows water to flow most smoothly. Among the three filters, it also provides the largest surface area and relatively lower density. Even if fines attach to the filter surface, the flow rate remains stable.

The goal here is to produce a balanced and full-bodied flavor, enhancing both sweetness and richness.

The T-83 filter, designed for dark roasts, has a thickness of 0.22 mm, placing it in the middle in terms of both thickness and density. It also features double-sided creping, but with a unique design: the crepe height is intentionally kept lower.

In other words, most of the crepe structure is concentrated closer to the bottom of the filter near the dripper’s outlet. During the first half of brewing, when fewer fines have accumulated, water flows relatively smoothly. In the later stage, as more fines attach to the filter, the flow slows down. This helps promote a stronger body and enhanced sweetness in the final cup.

It’s fascinating, isn’t it? Even such a small piece of paper can have a significant impact.

Thinking back 10 or 15 years ago, people were mostly debating whether to buy bleached filter paper or natural (unbleached) filter paper. Today, filter paper selection has become far more multidimensional. Many products are now designed with specific functions to match particular brewing devices or coffee bean characteristics.

This evolution is a natural result of the continuous advancement of brewing equipment, as well as the increasing diversity of coffee processing and roasting techniques.

Flavor compounds in coffee dissolve at different rates. Some extract quickly with hot water, while others require longer contact time.

Based on this principle, differences in filter paper permeability can help extract specific combinations of soluble compounds. For example, the classic FAST filter paper from Sibarist is designed to increase extraction yield within a shorter brewing time. It emphasizes compounds extracted early in the brewing process, highlighting acidity, complexity, and flavor vibrancy.

So when choosing filter papers for everyday brewing, what basic principles should we follow?

Here are a few general guidelines. Of course, they’re only references—you should always adjust based on your own brewing practice and flavor preferences.

From a flavor perspective, if you enjoy delicate, floral, or high-acidity profiles, a fast-flow filter is often a good choice. It helps maintain clarity, aromatic complexity, and a lighter mouthfeel, making the coffee feel more elegant and refined.

On the other hand, if you prefer coffee with strong body and noticeable sweetness, you might choose a denser filter paper and pair it with a longer extraction time to build deeper sweetness and a richer texture.

Another factor to consider is your brewing device.

If you’re using a dripper that tends toward immersion-style extraction, such as a slow-drip system, pairing it with a faster-flow filter paper can help prevent over-extraction while maintaining clarity and flavor definition.

You can also take the coffee processing method into account.

Washed coffees usually contain less surface oil because most of the oils remain locked within the bean’s cellular structure. As a result, they often require a longer extraction time to release more oils and aromatic compounds.

Natural (sun-dried) coffees, on the other hand, tend to have higher surface oil content and release soluble compounds more quickly. In such cases, pairing them with a faster-flow filter can work well.

That said, nothing replaces hands-on experimentation.

Try brewing the same coffee with the same equipment but using different types of filter papers. Pay attention to how the mouthfeel, clarity, and balance of the coffee change.

You might be surprised by how much difference that small piece of paper can make—and hopefully, you’ll have some interesting brewing insights to share with others as well.

The Perfect Milk Temperature for Coffee: How Baristas Steam Milk for Sweeter Lattes

 Many coffee lovers enjoy milk-based coffee drinks. Not only do they offer visually pleasing latte art that delivers a strong emotional appeal, but they also provide a smooth and approachable coffee taste. This combination is one of the main reasons why milk coffee is so popular. However, did you know that the temperature of milk directly affects the sweetness, texture, and flavor balance of coffee? Even small temperature changes of just a few degrees can significantly alter sensory perception. Different types of milk require specific temperature ranges to avoid negatively affecting flavor and mouthfeel.

If you regularly make milk coffee at home, you probably know that when steaming milk, one of the most important skills is learning how to create smooth microfoam while controlling the temperature properly. Doing so enhances the milk’s natural sweetness and improves the overall drinking experience.

Milk is essentially a mixture of water, fats, and proteins. When milk is over-steamed, the proteins collectively behave like a sponge, squeezing out water and ultimately damaging the perception of flavor and texture. Properly heated milk—usually around 60–65°C (140–149°F)—retains a rich, creamy emulsion. At this temperature, the texture becomes velvety smooth, and the flavor tastes sweet and full-bodied. As the specialty coffee industry continues to grow increasingly competitive, precise control of every parameter has become more important than ever. Each small detail is carefully managed to achieve a consistent and predictable coffee flavor. In milk-based coffee drinks, controlling milk temperature is therefore a crucial step.

I remember that during last year’s World Barista Championship (WBC), Malaysian competitor Jason Loo used a blend of three different types of milk. His mixture consisted of 70% milk that had been freeze-distilled (reducing its volume by 30% and removing most of the water), 20% coconut milk, and 10% oat milk. He then steamed this blended milk to 58°C (136°F). This method significantly enhanced the perceived sweetness. After steaming, the milk was quickly cooled using a frozen sphere, which helped highlight clarity in the flavor profile. From this example, we can see how important the choice of milk truly is in milk-based coffee. Temperature is one of the key factors that determines how those flavors are expressed. Whether it is dairy milk or plant-based milk, temperature has a profound impact on both flavor and texture.

The purpose of steaming milk is twofold. First, it allows the milk to integrate well with espresso, enabling latte art. Second, it helps emphasize and amplify the milk’s sweetness. The science behind this is that heating dairy milk makes lactose more soluble and easier to break down, which increases the perception of sweetness. The ideal temperature range for this effect is 55–65°C (131–149°F). Once the temperature exceeds 70°C (158°F), lactose begins to caramelize, which can produce unpleasant flavors.

Plant-based milk should be considered separately because it naturally contains no lactose and has a different composition compared to dairy milk. As a result, its steaming temperature should also be different. Generally speaking, oat milk performs best when steamed to around 60°C (140°F), while soy milk or almond milk typically require less heat, performing well at approximately 55°C (131°F).

Finally, consistency in milk temperature is essential every time you steam milk. Let’s set aside automatic milk frothing machines with built-in temperature control and focus on simple manual steaming techniques. From my personal experience, the most effective method is relying on the sense of touch. Many people prefer inserting a thermometer, and I used to do that as well when making coffee early in the morning. But over time, I found that my hands became familiar enough to judge the temperature accurately.

If you enjoy making coffee at home on a regular basis, reducing reliance on tools and equipment can actually be part of the fun. Learning to feel and understand each step of the coffee-making process is an important skill. Either way, from today onward, remember to pay close attention to milk temperature when preparing milk-based coffee. Milk temperature has evolved from a minor technical detail into a decisive factor that determines the overall quality of the coffee.

What Is Golden Honey Process Coffee? Specialty Coffee Processing Explained (White, Yellow, Red & Black Honey)

 Just recently, while attending a coffee tasting event—what we often call a “coffee cupping banquet”—I happened to hear the term “Golden Honey Process.” Most of us are already familiar with names like White Honey, Yellow Honey, Red Honey, and Black Honey when it comes to coffee processing methods. But what exactly is Golden Honey?

For a moment, it made me reflect on how new terminology constantly appears in certain industries today. These new terms often make people both curious and cautious. Are they the result of genuine technological innovation, or simply clever marketing? It struck me that this phenomenon is actually worth discussing within the specialty coffee world. So today, I’d like to share some of my observations and thoughts—and of course, feel free to join the conversation in the comments.

The charm of specialty coffee lies in its spirit of innovation and continuous learning. To some extent, the appearance of new professional terms and vocabulary in the industry is a good thing. After all, it means people are trying new ideas. These terms are often the result of both technical experimentation and marketing needs working together. That said, we should also approach them with a certain level of critical awareness rather than accepting everything at face value. My reflections today are simply based on this personal experience, and coffee processing methods are far from the only area where new terminology keeps emerging.

At its core, coffee processing is fundamentally about fermentation. During this stage, there are countless variables involved—temperature, humidity, time, microorganisms, shade, stirring frequency, and more. A farm or processing station might make subtle adjustments to traditional methods such as honey processing or anaerobic fermentation. For example, they might change the duration of anaerobic stages, alter the percentage of mucilage left on the beans, or modify the materials used in drying beds. In order to distinguish these slight variations from standard terminology, producers sometimes give the process a more specific and appealing name.

The coffee I encountered at the event was a Geisha from Costa Rica’s Finca La Bandera, processed using what they call the Golden Honey method. However, it’s important to understand that “Golden Honey” is not a globally standardized processing term. Instead, it is more of a marketing-level name proposed by a particular farm, processing mill, or green coffee trader. To truly understand what this means, we need to briefly revisit what honey processing itself actually is—and what the color labels added before the term represent.

Honey processing is a method that sits somewhere between natural (dry) processing and washed processing. The key step involves removing the outer skin and pulp of the coffee cherry while leaving some of the sticky, sugar-rich mucilage attached to the bean. The beans are then fermented and dried with this mucilage still present.

Different honey processes are categorized based on how much mucilage is retained and how the beans are dried:

• White Honey: Most of the mucilage is removed. Drying happens quickly, and the flavor profile is closest to washed coffee—clean and bright with crisp acidity.

• Yellow Honey: Some mucilage is retained. Beans are dried in the sun and turned regularly, producing moderate sweetness and body.

• Red Honey: More mucilage remains. Drying occurs slowly under shade or reduced sunlight, with less frequent turning, resulting in stronger sweetness, fuller body, and more noticeable fermentation notes.

• Black Honey: Nearly all mucilage is left on the beans. Drying happens extremely slowly under heavy shade with minimal turning. This produces the most intense flavors and body, often with dark fruit and spice notes—but it also carries the highest risk during processing.

  

So where does Golden Honey fit in?

In terms of technique, it can be understood as a finely calibrated point somewhere between Yellow Honey and Red Honey. Essentially, the farm has chosen to define what they consider an “ideal balance” within that range and has given it a distinctive name. By creating a new term within a familiar framework, producers can communicate the idea that their process represents a more refined and carefully controlled version of honey processing. In other words, they are signaling to consumers that this coffee is crafted using more meticulous techniques to achieve a particularly clean, sweet, and high-quality cup.

Golden Honey typically implies a more elegant sweetness and a cleaner fermentation profile, aiming to locate a superior or distinctive flavor point within the traditional honey-processing spectrum. At the moment, the term is almost exclusively associated with Finca La Bandera in Costa Rica. When people mention Golden Honey, they are very likely referring to beans from this particular farm.

Interestingly, I’ve also seen producers in Yunnan, China use terms such as “Golden Robe Honey Process,” which functions in a similar way. These names are essentially designed to create memorable branding and differentiation. In today’s highly competitive specialty coffee market, terms like natural, washed, and honey processing have already become basic vocabulary. When a new and distinctive name appears, it can instantly capture consumers’ attention and help a coffee stand out during green bean auctions or retail sales.

Of course, we can reasonably assume that a process like Golden Honey probably does involve more refined control within the existing honey-processing framework. For instance, the producer may aim to keep the mucilage at a precise “sweet spot,” implement strict drying management, and use slower drying at lower temperatures to prevent overly rapid sugar fermentation that could produce harsh acidity. The goal would be to develop a cleaner, more structured sweetness.

There may also be greater attention to even drying, including careful timing and frequency when turning the beans.

From a consumer’s perspective, however, it’s important to maintain a stable framework of knowledge. With solid fundamentals in mind, we can better evaluate any new terms that appear in the market. This helps prevent us from falling into certain consumerism traps. While innovation can certainly spark curiosity and encourage exploration, new terminology can also confuse consumers, making it difficult to determine whether something represents real innovation or simply old wine in a new bottle.

When tasting coffee, we should always remember that the most reliable judge is our own palate. When encountering a new term like “Golden Honey,” we can ask ourselves:

• Does this coffee truly taste different from other honey-processed coffees I’ve had?

• Is its sweetness, acidity, body, or clarity genuinely distinctive?

  

On the one hand, we should recognize that the industry is evolving rapidly and welcome innovation supported by transparent information. Such innovation reflects progress in coffee farming and provides new ways to communicate flavor experiences. On the other hand, we should remain cautious of names that are overly poetic, difficult to trace, or unwilling to explain their processing details. True innovators are usually happy to share the specifics of their techniques because they want people to appreciate and spread the value of their work.

After all, the definition of Golden Honey can vary from farm to farm, and there is no absolute standard. What we can develop instead is our own standard: no matter how beautiful the name sounds, let the flavor in the cup be the final judge. There’s no need to mythologize the terminology—always trust your taste buds to verify the most authentic experience.

Coffee Tasting Guide: 6 Specialty Coffee Beans from Panama, Colombia & Costa Rica

 “Coffee Tasting Banquet” is a kind of tasting experience created for coffee enthusiasts. For coffee shops, this format allows them to test market reactions and collect customer feedback through a sharing-based event. The concept itself provides an excellent setting for both tasting and discussion. At this particular event, they brought six outstanding beans from different origins. Taking advantage of this tasting session, I’d like to share some thoughts about these six coffee regions and the flavor characteristics of their beans.

The first bean comes from Roble Estate in Colombia. The farm reaches elevations of up to 1,800 meters and is located in the town of Pitalito in Huila. The owner, Dionel, named this coffee sanctuary after a century-old oak tree that inspired him. The estate places great emphasis on precision throughout the processing stage. After handpicking, the cherries undergo flotation to remove defects, followed by a second manual sorting to eliminate unripe fruit. Because the climate in Huila can change drastically, strict humidity control is required to quickly reduce moisture levels during processing. Additionally, the farm enforces strict no-smoking and no-eating policies during processing to ensure the cleanest possible environment and preserve the coffee’s purest flavor characteristics.

This particular bean is a Geisha from Roble Estate, processed with 36 hours of anaerobic dry fermentation followed by a honey process. Both the dry aroma after grinding and the wet aroma after brewing carry a refreshing, delicate floral-fruit profile that feels almost like a traditional washed coffee. Before the first sip even reaches the palate, there is an extended fragrance of gardenia. Then comes an incredibly clear note of green mandarin—specifically reminiscent of the flavor you get when pu-erh tea is stuffed into a small green citrus and steeped together. Honestly, it’s fantastic. That flavor memory feels quite sophisticated, and I absolutely love it.

The second bean is one I’ve been eager to try for a long time: coffee from Altieri Estate in Panama. I had heard its reputation for years but never had the chance to taste it—until now. Altieri Estate has been one of the big names in recent years. Over the past eleven years in the Best of Panama (BOP) competition, the estate has appeared on the leaderboard eleven times, which speaks volumes about its strength.

Altieri Estate is a family business founded in 2005 by Italian-American entrepreneur Eugene Altieri, who moved to Panama in 1973. Twenty years ago, Eugene purchased two farms in Boquete, though at the time the land’s potential for specialty coffee had not yet been realized. Today, his children continue the family legacy, working with professional teams to expand the Altieri Specialty Coffee brand. For the family, coffee is not merely a business—it’s a passion.

One particularly touching aspect of this farm is its human warmth. Instead of assigning cold numerical codes to the coffee plots, Eugene named each carefully planned parcel after one of his eleven grandchildren. If you browse their website, you can truly feel the warmth of a close-knit family. It makes the estate both memorable and unique.

What’s special about this bean is that it comes from a famous coffee estate but is not a Geisha variety. Instead, it’s a Catuai processed with 96 hours of dry fermentation followed by dark-room natural processing. In an era where many prestigious farms focus heavily on Geisha, tasting some of their more “ordinary” varieties can be refreshing. Not only are they often more cost-effective, but they also allow you to better appreciate the estate’s technical expertise—especially in processing.

As we know, Catuai is a reliable and balanced coffee variety. It may not deliver the explosive floral aroma and acidity of top-tier Geisha, but its stable quality, bright acidity, and comfortable sweetness make it a popular choice in everyday specialty coffee. If you’re looking for a coffee with a friendly profile and balanced sweetness and acidity, Catuai is rarely a wrong choice.

The dry aroma of this bean smells intensely sweet—like fruit candy—an aroma that instantly lifts your mood. After brewing, the coffee maintains impressive clarity and cleanliness. The flavor layers are somewhat short, and the detectable notes are fairly concentrated, but considering the extended fermentation time, achieving such cleanliness is already a safe and commendable result.

The third bean comes from Auromar Estate in Panama, a washed Green Tip Geisha. Auromar is another highly talked-about estate. I actually wrote a dedicated review about it previously because I really like this farm—starting with its name. Auromar is located in the Chiriquí province of northwestern Panama, in a valley on the western side of the Barú Volcano.

The estate covers 31 hectares, of which 16 hectares are preserved tropical rainforest. The remaining 15 hectares are planted with coffee trees, growing at elevations between 1,485 and 1,700 meters, while the overall farm sits between 1,700 and 1,775 meters above sea level. Tall shade trees are interplanted throughout the farm. With year-round temperatures ranging from 16°C to 25°C and annual rainfall around 3,500 mm, the conditions are ideal for coffee cultivation.

Interestingly, the dry fragrance of this bean doesn’t immediately feel like a typical washed profile. Instead, it gives a sense of density and structure, making you anticipate a fuller body after brewing. Once brewed, the first impression is a soft citrus note, which soon transitions into a white-tea-like texture accompanied by honeyed sweetness. The sweetness and cleanliness are both excellent, though the flavor intensity and layering feel somewhat subdued. The mouthfeel, however, is very round.

Sometimes people are contradictory about coffee. We often say flavor is everything—but honestly, I love great mouthfeel even more. A coffee that is clean, round, and silky can easily surpass flavor complexity in terms of enjoyment. When you drink something so smooth and pure, it’s almost impossible not to love it.

The fourth bean comes from Barbara Estate in Panama, an anaerobic natural Green Tip Geisha. This estate is another well-known farm in Panama’s Boquete region. Barbara Estate is owned by the Rogers family and jointly managed by Hunter Tedman and Linda Arauz.

The farm sits at elevations between 1,450 and 1,700 meters, with fertile volcanic soil, cool mountain climates, and a misty cloud-forest environment. These conditions allow the coffee cherries to ripen slowly, resulting in higher sweetness and more complex flavor development.

Barbara Estate is best known for its Geisha variety, admired for its floral aromas, tea-like elegance, and bright acidity. The farm uses various processing methods—washed, natural, and honey—to precisely showcase tropical fruit notes, bright acidity, and layered, clean flavors.

Currently, Barbara Estate operates three plantations: the Jaramillo plot in Boquete, the Treasure plot in Renacimiento, and the Wizard plot in Potrerillos. Over the years, the estate has achieved multiple strong placements in the Best of Panama competition, solidifying its reputation as a top-tier specialty coffee producer.

The dry aroma of this bean once again hits exactly the flavor profile I love: sweet floral and fruity notes. That gentle sweetness instantly brings joy. After brewing, I found its flavor layering more appealing than the previous bean, though their overall flavor outlines are somewhat similar despite very different processing methods. What stands out the most is the cleanliness—it’s almost absurdly clean. If the flavor progression becomes slightly more layered, this would be an easy “buy-with-eyes-closed” coffee for me.

Typically, a coffee tasting banquet starts with light and refreshing profiles and gradually moves toward heavier, more intense coffees. The last two beans felt more mysterious and delivered some rather unique experiences.

The fifth bean is a Geisha from Bandera Estate in Costa Rica, processed with Golden Honey. In recent years, Costa Rican coffees don’t seem to dominate conversations the way they once did. Regardless of how honey processing is executed, the flavor differences between levels sometimes feel less dramatic compared to the wave of experimental processing methods emerging from other origins. As a result, Costa Rica can occasionally feel a bit understated.

Bandera Estate is located in the Tarrazú region, one of Costa Rica’s most renowned coffee-growing areas, with elevations exceeding 1,900 meters. The exceptional terroir provides the foundation for great flavor, and Tarrazú frequently appears at the top of the Cup of Excellence (COE) rankings.

The owner, Diego, expanded Geisha production and introduced five different processing styles: fermented washed, golden honey, red honey, white honey, and fermented natural. His coffees are known for their extremely high fruit maturity, dense structure, rich compounds, and carefully controlled fermentation, resulting in remarkable cleanliness.

What intrigued me most was the processing term “Golden Honey.” What exactly does that mean? In reality, “Golden Honey” is not a globally standardized term. It’s more of a marketing-level name used by certain farms or mills. From the perspective of this particular coffee, it represents Bandera Estate’s refined and high-standard interpretation of the traditional honey process.

As we know, the essence of honey processing lies in carefully controlling the amount of mucilage retained, the turning frequency, and the drying conditions to achieve maximum cleanliness, sweetness, and complex fruit notes. You can think of “Golden Honey” as a finely calibrated point somewhere between Yellow Honey and Red Honey in the traditional processing spectrum—simply labeled by the farm owner to represent their ideal standard.

At the tasting event, this coffee might have been roasted quite recently. The first sip genuinely surprised me. The flavor had an unexpectedly savory dimension. Honestly, it was the first time I clearly perceived an umami-like note in coffee. Perhaps it had something to do with a delicate roasting threshold—I’m not entirely sure. After that initial surprise, the profile moved into yellow fruit notes and a brown sugar sweetness. The depth of flavor was actually quite good. Because of that unusual savory impression, it ended up being one of the coffees I remembered the most.

The final bean of the tasting was a Geisha from Janson Estate in Panama, processed with 48 hours of GP bag fermentation followed by natural drying. Janson Estate is another famous Panamanian coffee farm with over 70 years of coffee cultivation and processing history.

The estate is located west of Barú Volcano, benefiting from rich volcanic soil and natural spring water. The farm integrates its coffee fields with a 200-hectare private nature reserve, including lagoons and wetlands that provide habitats for numerous bird species and wildlife.

Janson Estate is operated by the first and second generations of the Janson family and has won multiple Best of Panama awards, which has attracted growing attention from coffee enthusiasts in recent years.

Among the six coffees, this one had the most intense flavor profile. Its dry aroma was incredibly sweet, while the brewed fragrance carried strong fermentation notes. The first sip delivered the classic complexity of tropical fruit typically associated with fermented processing methods.

What impressed me was that despite the extended fermentation and experimental processing, the brewed cup remained remarkably clean. The finish carried a beautiful sweetness. However, the pronounced fermentation character also gave me a strange feeling—I couldn’t help thinking that Janson had somehow “fallen from grace.” I remember earlier Janson coffees that once amazed me. Half jokingly, I even said it now tastes like it has “turned Colombian.”

From a commercial perspective, though, this coffee could serve as a great gateway coffee for beginners entering the world of advanced specialty processing methods. After all, the rising popularity of experimental processing is largely driven by market demand.

Still, I have to say—a coffee with such strong fermentation notes yet maintaining this level of cleanliness is genuinely impressive.

Why Zhukou Cups Are Perfect for Latte Art | Best Coffee Cup for Flat White

 When you’re out visiting cafés, have you noticed that many of them now prefer using zhukou cups for milk-based drinks? They’re especially popular for flat whites. Whether in terms of volume or latte art control, zhukou cups just seem to work beautifully. As a result, the term “zhukou cup” has quickly become a hot search keyword in online shopping.

Simply put, the defining characteristics of a zhukou cup are that it’s short, sturdy, and compact. The walls usually go straight up or taper slightly inward at the rim. Most are made of ceramic with relatively thick walls. Visually, they look squat and charming—almost like a small barrel. The walls are nearly vertical, the base is wide, and the opening is generous. These are cups you naturally cradle in your hands, and they’re essentially designed as professional vessels for showcasing milk drinks with latte art.

So why is this shape such a perfect match for milk coffee? Let’s break it down. If you’re currently debating which cup to use for practicing latte art, a zhukou cup is definitely worth considering. The reason it works so well is that its unique design provides optimal conditions on visual, operational, and physical levels.

First, the wide, flat base of a zhukou cup is key. Once the espresso is poured in, this shape gives the milk and coffee plenty of room to integrate properly. When that initial mixing is done well, it sets a solid foundation for cleaner, more defined latte art later on.

Second, the cup walls are almost vertical, or they narrow slightly at the rim. This allows the pointed spout of the milk pitcher to get very close to the surface of the liquid, while still leaving enough room for precise movements. The walls don’t get in the way, making it easier to execute fine details. On top of that, the rim diameter is usually quite large, which gives you a broader “canvas” for latte art. The finished pattern can be displayed fully and clearly, often enhanced by just the right amount of surface tension, making the visual effect especially appealing.

Another important factor is capacity. Zhukou cups typically hold around 180–220 ml. If you’re using a double shot of espresso—about 34–40 ml—as the base, that espresso makes up a relatively high proportion of the drink. This helps produce a richer, more concentrated flavor. At the same time, the limited total volume naturally helps balance the ratio of coffee to milk. Because you’re not adding too much milk, the microfoam tends to stay dense and fluid, which is ideal for pouring. For these reasons, zhukou cups are particularly well suited to drinks like flat whites.

Most zhukou cups are made from ceramic, and their thick walls do a great job of retaining heat. They also have a reassuring weight, which makes them feel very stable in the hand. This stability is crucial for latte art, where subtle wrist control and smooth movement make all the difference. A heavier cup reduces unwanted shaking that can happen with lighter vessels. Zhukou cups also usually don’t have handles. Holding the cup directly gives you a more complete and secure grip, improving both stability and control—especially when you’re making more complex movements during the pouring and integration stages.

All things considered, zhukou cups are truly designed with milk coffee in mind. Their shape helps latte art bloom on the surface, their capacity naturally supports the ideal balance of espresso, milk, and foam, and their material and hand feel provide excellent stability and control. Whether you’re practicing latte art at home or serving drinks day to day, a zhukou cup is an excellent choice. Each one isn’t just about looking good—it’s a professional decision made to present the best possible cup of coffee.